“1+N” is a systematic set of directives being formulated by China to help achieve its “dual-carbon” goals. According to China’s former climate envoy Xie Zhenhua, the “1” refers to the central “guiding opinions” on the “dual-carbon” goals, while the “N” stands for the “action plan” for the 2030 peak emissions goal, as well as “policy measures and actions” for “key sectors and industries”. On 24 October 2021, China released the “1”, officially titled: “Working guidance for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality in full and faithful implementation of the new development philosophy.” Two days later, it published part of the “N” – the “action plan for carbon-dioxide peaking before 2030”.