In contrast to the ETS, CCER – the China Certified Emission Reductions scheme – is a voluntary emissions trading scheme. CCER grants participants carbon credits for projects that reduce overall carbon emissions, including renewable power generation, forestry and waste-to-energy projects. Launched in 2012, it was paused in 2017 due to small volumes of trading. China relaunched CCER in 2024 and the credits can now be sold to ETS participants to help offset up to 5% of their compliance obligations. Non-ETS participants, including individuals and overseas companies, can also purchase CCER credits. CCER credits are for single use only and cannot be re-traded.