In China, “new-energy vehicles” (NEVs) refer to the automobiles that use a “new type” of power system and are driven entirely, or mainly, by a “new type” of energy, according to an official notice. It primarily includes pure electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel-cell vehicles. In October 2020, the State Council released an industry plan for “new-energy vehicles”, which runs from 2021 to 2035. The document describes the development of “new-energy vehicles” as a national strategy. It urges all regions and officials to promote the “high-quality” and “sustainable” growth of the industry. (Read Carbon Brief’s Q&A on the global “trade war” over China’s booming EV industry.)